Karo tribe culture and art

Karo tribe is indigenous tribes who inhabited the Highlands Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Tribal name was used as one of the district name in one of the areas where they lived (Karo highlands) is Karo. This tribe has its own language called Karo language. Custom clothing Karo tribe is dominated by red and black and filled with gold jewelry.

The existence of the kingdom of Haru-Karo

Haru-Karo empire began to become a great empire in Sumatra, but it is not known exactly when the establishment. However, Brahma Putra, in his book "Karo from Age to Age" says that in the 1st century AD already empire in North Sumatra king named "Pa Lagan". Judging from the name it is a language derived from the Karo tribe. Could it be that at that time the kingdom of emotion already there ?, it still requires further research. (Darman Prinst, SH: 2004)Haru-known royal Karo grow and develop at the same time with the Majapahit kingdom, Sriwijaya, Johor, Malacca and Aceh. Proven for the kingdom of Haru had fought with these kingdoms.
The kingdom of Haru identical to the Karo tribe, which is one of the tribes in the archipelago. In the golden age, the kingdom of Haru-Karo from Aceh Besar to the river Siak in Riau. Haru-Karo existence in Aceh can be ascertained with some names of villages there that comes from Karo. For example Kuta Raja (now Banda Aceh), East Aceh Binjei Kuta, Kuta Reef, Kuta Alam, Lubok Kuta, Kuta Lakshman Mahmud, Kuta Cane, Blang Kejeren, and others
There is Karo tribe in Aceh Besar in Aceh dialect called Karee. Haru-Karo tribe existence in Aceh is recognized by H. Muhammad Said in his book "Aceh Throughout the Ages" (1981). He stressed that the native of Aceh Besar is similar Batak descent. It was not clear where the hobo descendants of the original inhabitants. Meanwhile, HM Zainuddin in his book "Tarikh Aceh and Archipelago" (1961) argued that in the valley beside the kingdom of Aceh Besar Islam there Karo kingdom. Selanjunya mentioned that a native or earth son of the 20th Mukim mixed with Karo tribe in the Acehnese language called Karee. Brahma Putra, in his book "Karo Throughout Age" says that the last king Karo tribe in Aceh Besar is Manang Ginting Suka.
Karo in Aceh group later changed its name to "The Lhee Reutoih" or the three hundred. Naming thus associated with the event of a dispute between Hindu Karo tribe by tribe there agreed resolved by a duel. A total of three hundred (300) people Karo tribe will fight with four hundred (400) Hindu tribal people in a open field. Duel can be reconciled and since then the Karo tribe called the three hundred and Hindus called the four hundred.
Later there is mixing between Hindu Karo tribe by tribe and they are referred to as the Jasandang. The other group is the Imam Pewet and The Tok Batee which is a mixture of ethnic immigrants, such as: The Hindu, Arabic, Persian, and others.

Karo tribe region

Frequent mistakes in everyday conversation in the community that identified with Taneh Karo Karo. In fact, Taneh Karo much wider than Karo because it includes:

 

Tanah Karo

Karo is located at the foot of Mount Sinabung (photo taken around 1917).Karo is located in Tanah Karo highlands. The town is famous in this region is Brastagih and Kabanjahe. Brastagih is a tourist town in North Sumatra, which is famous for its agricultural products are superior. One of them is the fruit juice and beverage products are well known as a producer of passionfruit juice are well known to the entire archipelago. The majority of the Karo tribe settled in this mountainous region, precisely in the area of ​​Mount Sinabung and Mount Sibayak often referred to as or "Taneh Karo Simalem". Many uniqueness contained in the Karo people, both from the geographic, natural, and forms cuisine. Cuisine Karo, a unique one is called trites.Trites presented during the cultural festival, such as weddings, parties entering the new house, and the annual feast called -Work-year. This Trites material taken from isilambung cows / buffaloes, which has not been issued as kotoran.Bahan this is processed in such a way is mixed with the aroma of spices that sharply reduced and the stomach contents can be enjoyed. The cuisine is a favorite food treats first given to respected.

Medan city

Founder of the city of Medan is a son that Guru Patimpus Karo Sembiring Pelawi.Binjai. Binjai is an area that has the strongest interaction with the city of Medan due to the relatively close proximity of the city of Medan as the capital of the province of North Sumatra.

Dairi

Dairi district is generally very fertile with the prosperity of the people through coffee plantations are highly qualified. Most Dairi regency which is Taneh Karo:• District of Taneh Pinem• Three District of Lingga• Gunung Sitember

Southeast Aceh District

Taneh Karo in Southeast Aceh district include:• District of Sigala-gala Lau (Lau Village Deski, Perbunga Lau, Lau Kinga)• Simpang Simadam

Southeast Aceh District

Taneh Karo in Southeast Aceh district include:• District of Sigala-gala Lau (Lau Village Deski, Perbunga Lau, Lau Kinga)• Simpang Simadam

Clan

Karo tribe has a social system or a custom known as merga Silima, said Siwaluh, and rakut sitelu. Karo society has a clan system (clan). Karo clan or in a language called the merga called for men, while for women called Beru. Merga or Beru is carried on the back of someone's name. Merga in Karo community consists of five groups, called merga Silima, which means that the five clans. Fifth merga are:
1. Karo-karo2. Tarin3. Ginting4. Sembiring5. Perangin-wind
Fifth merga still have submerga respectively. Karo everyone has one of these merga. Merga obtained automatically from the father. Merga father also merga children. People who have the same merga or Beru, as sisters in the sense of having a common ancestor. If the man surnamed same, then they are called (b) ersenina, as well as between women and women who have the same Beru, then they are called (b) ersenina. But between a man with a woman who bermerga the same, they are called erturang, that prohibited the marriage, except in merga Peranginangin Sembiring and no one can marry among them.

Marga Karo

Merga Karo Karo tribe there are five groups, namely: Karokaro, Ginting, Tarin, Sembiring, and Perangin-wind. Clan (family name) in the Karo tribe called merga unlike the case with ethnic Batak (Silindung-Samosir-Humbang-Toba) called the clan.

Branches merga Karo tribe and spreading.

A. Merga Karokaro and branches

1. Karokaro Sinulingga in Lingga, Festive Star, and Mount Merlawan.2. Karokaro Surbakti in Surbakti and elephants.3. Karokaro Kacaribu in Kutagerat and Kerapat4. Karokaro Sinukaban in Kaban and SUMBUL.5. Karokaro Barus Barus Ginger, Pitu Kuta.6. Karokaro Simbulan in Bulanjulu and Bulanjahe.7. Karokaro Jung in Kutanangka, Kalang, Perbesi, and Batukarang.8. Karokaro Primitive Kabanjahe, Berastagi, and Lau Tch (Deli Hulu).9. Karokaro Ketaren in the Kingdom, Ketaren Sibolangit, and Pertampilen.10. Karokaro Gurusinga in Gurusinga and Rajaberneh.11. Karokaro Kaban in Pernantin, Kabantua, Stars Hilariously, Tubes Naman, and Linga.12. Karokaro Sinuhaji in Ajisiempat.13. Karokaro Once in Seberaya.14. Karokaro Kemit in Kuta Bale.15. Karokaro Hill Hill and Reed Awar.16. Karokaro Sinuraya in Bunuraya, Singgamanik, and Kandibata.17. Karokaro in Samura Samura.18. Karokaro Sitepu in Naman and Sukanalu

B. Merga Ginting and branches

1. Ginting Munte in Kutabangun, Ajinembah, Kubu, Dokan, Responsibility, Munte, Rajatengah, and Moon Ginger.2. Ginting Babo in Gurubenua, Munte, and Kutagerat.3. Ginting Sugihen in Sugihen, Juhar, and Kutagunung.4. Ginting Gurupatih in Reed Naman, Sarimunte, Naga, and Lau Kapur.5. Ginting Ajartambun in Rajamerahe.6. Ginting Capah Hill and Kalang.7. Rice Laupetundal Ginting.8. Ginting Garamata in (Simarmata) Central Raja, Tengging.9. Ginting Jadibata in Juhar.10. Ginting Suka Ajartambun in Rajamerahe.11. Ginting Manik in Tengging and Linga.12. Ginting Sinusinga in Lion.13. Ginting Jawak in Cingkes (?)14. Ginting Seragih in Lingga Julu.15. Ginting Tumangger in Kidupen and Kemkem.16. Ginting PASE on .... (lost?)

C. Merga Tarin and branches

1. Tarin Sibero in Juhar, Kutaraja, Keriahen, Munte, Tanjung Beringin, Selakar, and Linga.2. Tarin Pond in Kebayaken and Sukanalu.3. Tarin Silangit Mount festive.4. Tarin Old Pergendangen, Talimbaru.5. Tarin scolds at Suka.6. Arid Tarin in Nagasaribu and Berastepu.7. Tarin Gerneng in Cingkes (Simelungun).8. Tarin Gana-Gana in Batukarang.9. Tarin Jampang in Pergendangen.10. Tarin Tambun in Rakutbesi, Binangara, Sinaman etc.11. Tarin flocking in Lingga.12. Tarin Week (Branch of Pond) in Sukanalu13. Tarin Purba in Purba (Simelungun) 

D. Sembiring and branches

I. Sembiring Siman source (not regular blood interbreeding with other Sembiring branch, meaning: not allowed marriage with fellow merga Sembiring).
1. Sembiring Kembaren in Samperaya and almost all failed Liang Melas.2. Sembiring Sinulaki in Silalahi.3. Sembiring Keloko in Pergendangen.4. Sembiring Sinupayung in Juma King and the State
II. Sembiring Simantangken source (no marriages performed between branch merga Sembiring)
1. Sembiring Colia in Kubucolia and Seberaya.2. Sembiring Pandia in Seberaya, Umbrella, and Beganding.3. Sembiring Gurukinayan in Gurukinayan.4. Sembiring Berahmana in Kabanjahe, Perbesi, and Limang.5. Sembiring Meliala in Sarinembah, Munte Rajaberneh, Kedupen, Kabanjahe, Naman, Berastepu, and Biaknampe.6. Sembiring Pande Shaded in Reed Naman and Gurusinga.7. Sembiring Tekang in Kaban.8. Sembiring Muham in Implant and Perbesi.9. Sembiring Depari in Seberaya, Perbesi, and Munte.10. Sembiring Pelawi in Ajijahe, Perbaji, Kandibata and Silver Overlay (Deli).11. Sembiring Rot in Kidupen and Lau Perimbon.12. Sembiring Sinukapar in Pertumbuken, Sidikalang (?) Sarintono.13. Sembiring Rivet in Juhar and Rajatengah.14. Sembiring Kill Aji in Sukatepu, Kutatonggal, and Beganding 

E. Merga Peranginangin and branches

1. Peranginangin Namohaji in Kutabuluh.2. Peranginangin Sukatendel in Sukatendel.3. Peranginangin Mano in Pergendangen.4. Peranginangin Sebayang in Perbesi, Kuala, mountains and Kuta Gerat.5. Peranginangin Pencawan in Perbesi.6. Peranginangin Sinurat in Kerenda.7. Peranginangin Perbesi in Seberaya.8. Peranginangin Ulunjandi in Juhar.9. Peranginangin Penggarus in Implant.10. Peranginangin Pinem in Serintono (Sidikalang).11. Peranginangin Uwir in Singgamanik.12. Peranginangin Laksa in Juhar.13. Peranginangin Singarimbun in Mardingding subdistrict, Kutambaru and Temburun.14. Peranginangin Keliat in Mardingding subdistrict.15. Peranginangin Kacinambun in Kacinambun.16. Build in Batukarang Peranginangin.17. Peranginangin headland Penampen and Berastepu.18. Peranginangin Benjerang in Batukarang 

Most of the clan Peranginangin and Sembiring can marry one another (inter-branch merga).There is also merga who do not deal with each other, namely Sejandi take or not to hold a marriage between merga concerned, for example: between Sembiring Tekang with Karokaro Sinulingga and between Karokaro Sitepu with Peranginangin Sebayang.

Rakut Sitelu

Another thing that is important in the makeup of the community is the raccoon sitelu Karo or daliken sitelu (meaning metaphorically is nan three furnaces), which means that the three bonds. Meaning sitelu raccoon is sangkep nggeluh (completeness of life) for Karo. Completeness in question is a social institution that is contained in Karo society which consists of three groups, namely:1. kalimbubu2. The child Beru3. senina

Kalimbubu can be defined as a family of givers wife, Beru child families taking or accepting a wife and family senina one strain descent merga or nuclear family. 

Said Siwaluh

Said Siwaluh is the concept of kinship Karo society, related to the narrative, which consists of eight groups:1. puang kalimbubu2. kalimbubu3. senina4. sembuyak5. senina sipemeren6. senina sepengalon / sedalanen7. children Beru8. children Beru minister

In the implementation of ceremonies, said Siwaluh can still be subdivided into more specific groups according to needs in the ceremony held, as follows:1. Puang kalimbubu is kalimbubu of kalimbubu someone2. Kalimbubu is a group of wives to family giver particular, kalimbubu can be grouped into:o Kalimbubu kalimbubu Bena-Bena or older, a group pemberiisteri to specific groups that are considered as a group of wives adal provider of the family. Eg A bermerga Sembiring-bere bere Tarin, then Tarin is kalimbubu Si A. If A has a child, then merga Tarin is kalimbubu Bena-Bena / kalimbubu parents of children 

A. So kalimbubu Bena-Bena or older kalimbubu is kalimbubu of the biological father.o Kalimbubu SIMADA dareh is derived from one's mother. Kalimbubu SIMADA dareh is the brother of one's mother. Dareh SIMADA kalimbubu called because they were deemed to have blood, because the blood is considered they are contained within nephew.o Kalimbubu iperdemui, which is used as a means kalimbubu kalimbubu because someone marrying the daughter of a family for the first time. So someone it becomes kalimbubu is based on marriage.3. Senina, ie they are bersadara because it has merga and submerga same.4. Sembuyak, literally means one and mbuyak se means womb, so that means is people who were born from the same womb or uterus. But in the Karo people this term is used for different senina submerga also, in Karo language called sindauh ipedeher (which is much to be close).5. Sipemeren, that is, people who their mothers siblings. This section is supported again by the siparibanen, namely those who have wives were sisters.6. Senina Sepengalon or Sendalanen, that is, those who brothers for having children memperisteri of Beru same.7. Children Beru, meaning those who have taken the wife of a certain family to diperistri. Beru child can occur directly for marrying a woman of certain families, and indirectly through the mediation of other people, such as children and the children's minister Beru Beru Beru singikuri.Anak again consists of:o older children Beru, Beru is a child in the family for generations. At least three generations have taken the wife of a certain family (kalimbubunya). Children Beru Beru child's parents are the main ones, because without his presence in a traditional ceremony made by the kalimbubunya, so the ceremony could not be started. Beru old child also serves as a subsidiary Beru singerana (as speaker), because of its function in traditional ceremonies as a speaker and leader of the family in the family kalimbubu in the context of traditional ceremonies.o Children Beru cekoh baka closed, namely Beru children who are directly able to know everything in the family kalimbubunya. Beru child sekoh baka lid is child sister of the head of the family. For example, Person A man, has a sister Si B, then the child is a child Beru Si B cekoh baka lid of Si A. In daily calls Beru child-bere bere also called mama.8. Children Beru minister, namely children berunya Beru child. Origin of the word minister is from the word meaning minteri straighten. So Beru minteri child has a broader sense as a guide, supervise and assist the kalimbubunya a ceremonial obligations. There is also the so-called Beru singkuri child, that child's children berunya Beru minister. Beru child prepares a dish in the context of traditional ceremonies.

Karo script

Karo script is ancient script used by the Karo people, but at present its use is limited to once almost never used lagi.guna complete way of writing needs to be fitted with child letters like o = ketolongen, x = sikurun, ketelengen and pemantekTraditional danceKaro tribe has several traditional dances, among them:• Piso Surit• Five Ones• Bright moon

Cultural Events

• Merdang MERDEM = "work year" accompanied "drum guro-guro aron".• Mahpah = "work year" accompanied "drum guro-guro aron".• Mengket Home Mbaru - Party entering the house (custom - worship) new.• Mbesur-mbesuri - "Ngerires" - making lemang time rice started bunting.• Ndilo Udan - summon rain.• rebu-rebu - similar party "work year".• Ngumbung - day pause "aron" (a collection of rural workers).• My Erpangir Lau - Throw Shit.• Raleng Tendi - "Ngicik Tendi" = call the soul after someone less quiet as shocked by an incident that was not unexpected.• shredding Rambai - small family party - friends taulan to memanggkas hair depleted babies (infants) are intertwined and not neat.• Wages Tendi Ngaloken Ring - a ring ceremony granting the request of the family of nieces (from Mama to Bere-bere or from Bibi to players).• Ngaloken Rawit - family ceremony awarding the blade (mashed pepper) or a dagger or small sickles in the form of a nephew demand (from Mama to Bere-bere) - nephew.

Merdang MERDEM

Merdang MERDEM or Work Year is a celebration in Karo Karo tribe. It is said that the MERDEM merdang a routine activity every year are usually held after the event finished planting rice in the rice fields. The celebration is part of thanksgiving to the Creator for the planting of paddy has been completed. Teriring prayer that the rice plants are blessed that are free of pests and produce an abundant harvest. Moments involving all citizens of the village is usually also used as a venue for young people to find a mate. Each event merdang MERDEM usually celebrated with drum guro-guro aron namely Karo traditional dance event involving young couples. Every district in Tanah Karo merdang celebrated in different MERDEM. Subdistrict Munte merdang MERDEM celebrated on the 26th day beraspati Medem Karo calendar which usually falls in the month of July.That said, the whole village feast all that meriahnya so long celebrations for up to six days where every day has a different meaning.• The first day, cikor-kor.The day is the beginning of preparation for the merdang MERDEM marked with activities looking kor-kor, a type of insect that normally exist in the soil. Generally located under the trees. On that day all the people went to the fields to search for kor-kor to be used as a side dish of food on that day.• The second day, cikurung.As well as on the first day of the second day was marked with activities looking at the brackets or paddy fields. Brackets are animals that live in the ground is wet or rice, commonly used as a side dish by Karo society.• The third day, ndurung.The third day was marked with activities looking nurung, designations for fish, in rice fields or river. On that day the inhabitants of the village meal with fish dishes. Fish caught are usually nurung carp, catfish commonly called sebakut, kaperas, eel.• On the fourth day, mantem or cut.The day is a day of celebration a day ahead of the summit. On that day the villagers cut cattle, buffaloes, and pigs to be used as a side dish.• The fifth day, Matana.Matana means feast day. On that day all the residents of each visit relatives. Each time visiting all the menus that have been collected since the cikor-kor, cikurung, ndurung, and mantem served. At that time all the people rejoice. Harvest has been going well and the planting of paddy has also been completed. Celebration typically centers on the square or commonly called los, a sort of hall where the celebration party. The event was enlivened by the drum there guro-guro aron where young people who have been decorated with traditional dress perform traditional dance. Celebration not only celebrated by the villagers but also relatives from outside the village participate are invited to add more lively atmosphere. On that day the hardest jobs is to eat. Because every time visiting relatives house rules shall eat.• The sixth day, befall.The day was marked by activities make Cimpa, typical food Karo, commonly called lepat. Cimpa basic ingredients are flour, brown sugar and grated coconut. Cimpa steeply in addition to extra dishes after meals. MERDEM merdang not complete without the presence of Cimpa. For other districts in Tanah Karo befallen replaced with ngerires activities that make the event that the Indonesian Rires called lemang. Cimpa or lemang durability long enough, it is still good to eat, even though it has been two days. Therefore Cimpa or Rires suited to serve as a souvenir for the guests when they returned.• The seventh day, rebu.The day is the last day of a series of a party of six days earlier. On this day there are no activities. The guests had returned to its original place. All residents stayed at home. Go-visit event has been completed. Go to the rice fields are also prohibited on that day. As well as the meaning of rebu itself which means not admonish, it was the day cooling-off after six days of partying. Diverse impression in the hearts stay attached to each of the villagers. Day tomorrow have been waiting to return to activity as usual days.

Piso Surit

Piso in Karo language actually means knife and a lot of people thought that Piso Surit is the name of a type typical knife karo. Piso Surit actually is the name of a bird that likes to sing. Birdsong is heard carefully when it seemed to be calling someone and sounded very sad.Piso Surit dance is a dance that depicts a girl who was waiting for her lover. The wait is very long and depressing, and is described as a bird Piso Surit who was calling.Piso song Surit Created By Djaga Depari a public figure karo well as national composer during the old order.